EMERGING TRENDS
- Sanjana.R
In the world coping with climate change and continuous governmental and cultural disturbance, people are more informed than ever of how their purchases impact others and earth's resources. People are involving products and companies that exist not just important to them, but also socially and environmentally accountable. Many new technologies are introduced almost every day. Some of these do not succeed and fade away over time. Some of these new technologies prosper and persist over time, gaining attention from users. Emerging trends are the state-of-the-art technologies, which gain popularity and set a new trend among users.
Perhaps the misleading thing of understanding this time come from the fact that we tend to think that changes are global and occurs everywhere simultaneously, Although trends propagates faster, but applications are often slower and occur at other level, this is because of variables of each area that may shift with being noted randomness, When PC was gaining popularity in nations that may give it, different nations in undeveloped world take the waves of net trough mobile, And yet had to enjoy digital business companies more by adapting more possible results that turn to be having more effect than using the PC.
Future advancements in mobile or wireless technology promise to be a hot subject for the future of the globe, especially about lifestyle and conduct of business.
It is seen that this technology is one of the major innovations and creative developments of the 21st Century and yet has tremendous potential for enhanced benefits to human society in the future.
Artificial Intelligence (AI)
Artificial Intelligence endeavours to simulate the natural intelligence of human beings into machines, thus making them behave intelligently. An intelligent machine is supposed to imitate some of the cognitive functions of humans like learning, decision making and problem solving. In order to make machines perform tasks with minimum human intervention, they are programmed to create a knowledge base and make decisions based on it. AI system can also learn from past experiences or outcomes to make new decisions.
The intelligent digital personal assistants like Siri, Google Now, Cortana, Alexa are all powered by AI.
Machine Learning Machine Learning is a subsystem of Artificial Intelligence, wherein computers have the ability to learn from data using statistical techniques, without being explicitly programmed by a human being. It comprises algorithms that use data to learn on their own and make predictions. These algorithms, called models, are first trained and tested using a training data and testing data, respectively. After successive trainings, once these models are able to give results to an acceptable level of accuracy, they are used to make predictions about new and unknown data.
Natural Language Processing (NLP)
The predictive typing feature of search engine that helps us by suggesting the next word in the sentence while typing keywords and the spell checking features are examples of Natural Language Processing (NLP). It deals with the interaction between human and computers using human spoken languages, such as Hindi, English, etc. In fact it is possible to search the web or operate or control our devices using our voice. All this has been possible by NLP. An NLP system can perform text-to-speech and speech-to-text
Robotics
Robotics is an interdisciplinary branch of technology requiring applications of mechanical engineering, electronics, and computer science, among others. Robotics is primarily concerned with the design, fabrication, operation, and application of robots
• NASA’s Mars Exploration Rover (MER) mission is a robotic space mission to study about the planet Mars
• Sophia is a humanoid that uses artificial intelligence, visual data processing, facial recognition and also imitates human gestures and facial expressions
• A drone is an unmanned aircraft which can be remotely controlled or can fly autonomously through software-controlled flight plans in their embedded systems, working in conjunction with onboard sensors and GPS.
Internet of Things (IoT)
The term computer network that we commonly use is the network of computers. Such a network consists of a laptop, desktop, server, or a portable device like tablet, smartphone, smartwatch, etc., connected through wire or wireless. We can communicate between these devices using Internet or LAN.
The ‘Internet of Things’ is a network of devices that have an embedded hardware and software to communicate (connect and exchange data) with other devices on the same network.
Web of Things (WoT)
Internet of Things allows us to interact with different devices through Internet with the help of smartphones or computers, thus creating a personal network. But to interact with ‘n’ number of different devices, we need to install ‘n’ different apps.
Sensors
Sensors are very commonly used for monitoring and observing elements in real world applications. The evolution of smart electronic sensors is contributing in a large way to the evolution of IoT. It will lead to creation of new sensor-based, intelligent systems. A smart sensor is a device that takes input from the physical environment and uses built-in computing resources to perform predefined functions upon detection of specific input and then process data before passing it on.
Smart Cities
With rapid urbanisation, the load on our cities is increasing day-by-day, and there are challenges in management of resources like land water, waste, air pollution, health and sanitation, traffic congestions, public safety and security, besides the overall city infrastructures including road, rail, bridge, electricity, subways, disaster management, sports facilities, etc. These challenges are forcing many city planners around the world to look for smarter ways to manage them and make cities sustainable and livable.
Every sphere of life in a city like transportation systems, power plants, water supply networks, waste management, law enforcement, information systems, schools, libraries, hospitals and other community services work in unison to optimise the efficiency of city operations and services.
Cloud Computing
Cloud computing is an emerging trend in the field of information technology, where computer-based services are delivered over the Internet or the cloud, for the case of their accessibility form any where using any smart device. The services comprise software, hardware (servers), databases, storage, etc. These resources are provided by companies called cloud service providers and usually charge on pay per use basis, like the way we pay for electricity usage. We already use cloud services while storing our pictures and files as backup on Internet, or host a website on the Internet. Through cloud computing, a user can run a bigger application or process a large amount of data without having the required storage or processing power on their personal computer as long as they are connected to the Internet. Besides other numerous features, cloud computing offers cost-effective, on-demand resources. A user can avail need-based resources from the cloud at a very reasonable cost.
Blockchains
Traditionally, we perform digital transactions by storing data in a centralised database and the transactions performed are updated one by one on the database. That is how the ticket booking websites or banks operate. However, since all the data is stored on a central location, there are chances of data being hacked or lost. The blockchain technology works on the concept of decentralised and shared database where each computer has a copy of the database. A block can be thought as a secured chunk of data or valid transaction. Each block has some data called its header, which is visible to every other node, while only the owner has access to the private data of the block , Such blocks form a chain called blockchain . We can define blockchain as a system that allows a group of connected computers to maintain a single updated and secure ledger. Each computer or node that participates in the blockchain receives a full copy of the database. It maintains an ‘append only’ open ledger which is updated only after all the nodes within the network authenticate the transaction. Safety and security of the transactions are ensured because all the members in the network keep a copy of the blockchain and so it is not possible for a single member of the network to make changes or alter data.
A blockchain based voting system can solve the problem of vote alterations and other issues. Since everything gets stored in the ledger, voting can become more transparent and authentic. The blockchain technology can be used in diverse sectors, such as banking, media, telecom, travel and hospitality and other areas.
CONCLUSION
• Artificial Intelligence endeavours to simulate the natural intelligence of human beings into machines thus making them intelligent. • Machine learning comprises of algorithms that use data to learn on their own and make predictions. • Natural language processing (NLP) facilitates communicating with intelligent systems using a natural language. • Virtual reality allows a user to look at, explore, and interact with the virtual surroundings, just like one can do in the real world. • The superimposition of computer-generated perceptual information over the existing physical surroundings is called augmented reality. • Robotics can be defined as the science primarily associated with the design, fabrication, theory, and application of robots. • Big data holds rich information and knowledge which can be of high business value. Five characteristics of big data are: Volume, Velocity, Variety, Veracity, and Value. • Data analytics is the process of examining data sets in order to draw conclusions about the information they contain. • The Internet of Things (IoT) is a network of devices that have an embedded hardware and software to communicate (connect and exchange data) with other devices on the same network. • A sensor is a device that takes input from the physical environment and uses built-in computing resources to perform predefined functions upon detection of specific input and then processes data before passing it on.
In the world coping with climate change and continuous governmental and cultural disturbance, people are more informed than ever of how their purchases impact others and earth's resources. People are involving products and companies that exist not just important to them, but also socially and environmentally accountable. Many new technologies are introduced almost every day. Some of these do not succeed and fade away over time. Some of these new technologies prosper and persist over time, gaining attention from users. Emerging trends are the state-of-the-art technologies, which gain popularity and set a new trend among users.
Artificial Intelligence (AI)
Machine Learning Machine Learning is a subsystem of Artificial Intelligence, wherein computers have the ability to learn from data using statistical techniques, without being explicitly programmed by a human being. It comprises algorithms that use data to learn on their own and make predictions. These algorithms, called models, are first trained and tested using a training data and testing data, respectively. After successive trainings, once these models are able to give results to an acceptable level of accuracy, they are used to make predictions about new and unknown data.
Natural Language Processing (NLP)
Robotics
Internet of Things (IoT)
Web of Things (WoT)
Sensors
Smart Cities
Cloud Computing
Blockchains
CONCLUSION
• Artificial Intelligence endeavours to simulate the natural intelligence of human beings into machines thus making them intelligent. • Machine learning comprises of algorithms that use data to learn on their own and make predictions. • Natural language processing (NLP) facilitates communicating with intelligent systems using a natural language. • Virtual reality allows a user to look at, explore, and interact with the virtual surroundings, just like one can do in the real world. • The superimposition of computer-generated perceptual information over the existing physical surroundings is called augmented reality. • Robotics can be defined as the science primarily associated with the design, fabrication, theory, and application of robots. • Big data holds rich information and knowledge which can be of high business value. Five characteristics of big data are: Volume, Velocity, Variety, Veracity, and Value. • Data analytics is the process of examining data sets in order to draw conclusions about the information they contain. • The Internet of Things (IoT) is a network of devices that have an embedded hardware and software to communicate (connect and exchange data) with other devices on the same network. • A sensor is a device that takes input from the physical environment and uses built-in computing resources to perform predefined functions upon detection of specific input and then processes data before passing it on.
Comments
Post a Comment